Author name: CLAIRE LANGAT

What Are Learning Difficulties? A Parent’s Guide to Symptoms and Support Learning difficulties, sometimes referred to as learning disabilities, are neurological conditions that impact how a child receives, processes, stores, or communicates information. Importantly, these difficulties are not linked to intelligence—many children with learning difficulties have average or above-average IQs. Common Types of Learning Difficulties Dyslexia – Difficulty with reading, spelling, and writing. Dyscalculia – Struggles with understanding numbers and mathematical concepts. Dysgraphia – Trouble with handwriting, spelling, and organizing written thoughts. Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) – Difficulty processing and interpreting sounds. Visual Processing Disorder – Challenges in interpreting visual information such as letters, shapes, and spatial orientation. ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) – While not a learning difficulty itself, ADHD often overlaps and affects focus, organization, and the ability to complete academic tasks. Common Signs of Learning Difficulties in Children Delayed speech and language development Problems with reading, writing, or spelling Difficulty understanding math concepts Poor memory and attention span Trouble following instructions Disorganization and poor time management Avoidance of schoolwork or learning tasks These symptoms may vary in severity and appear differently depending on the child’s age and environment. Causes of Learning Challenges Genetics – A family history of learning disabilities. Prenatal/Neonatal Factors – Exposure to alcohol, drugs, or toxins in utero; premature birth; or low birth weight. Neurological Differences – Differences in brain structure or function. Environmental Factors – Poor early childhood stimulation, malnutrition, or trauma. Supporting such Children Children with learning difficulties often face emotional and social challenges, such as frustration, low self-esteem, or isolation. Support strategies include: Early intervention and assessment Individualized education plans (IEPs) Educational therapy or specialized tutoring Parental support and involvement Counseling and peer support groups A holistic approach that addresses both academic and emotional needs is crucial for helping these children thrive.